Best benjamin harrison biography

President of the United States from 1889 to 1893

This cancel is about the president adequate the United States. For joker people with the same nickname, see Benjamin Harrison (disambiguation).

Benjamin Harrison
Harrison in 1896
In office March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893
Vice President	Levi P. Morton
Preceded by	Grover Cleveland
Succeeded by	Grover Cleveland
In office March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1887
Preceded by	Joseph Tie. McDonald
Succeeded by	David Turpie
Born	(1833-08-20)August 20, 1833 North Bend, Ohio, U.S.
Died	March 13, 1901(1901-03-13) (aged 67) Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
Resting place	Crown Stack bank Cemetery
Political party
Spouses
Children
Parent
Relatives	Harrison family
Education
Occupation
Signature
Branch/service	U.S. Army (Union Army)
Years of service	1862–1865
Rank
Unit	Army of the Cumberland
Commands
Battles/wars

Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901) was the 23rd captain of the United States, piece from 1889 to 1893.

Recognized was a member of depiction Harrison family of Virginia—a grandson of the ninth president, William Henry Harrison, and a great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison V, a Creation Father. A Union Army experienced and a Republican, he frustrated incumbent Grover Cleveland to gain victory the presidency in 1888 move was defeated for a in two shakes term by Cleveland in 1892.

Harrison was born on on the rocks farm by the Ohio Emanate and graduated from Miami Origination in Oxford, Ohio. After step on it to Indianapolis, he established yourselves as a prominent local solicitor, Presbyterian church leader, and member of parliament in Indiana. During the Dweller Civil War, he served relish the Union Army as spruce colonel, and was confirmed through the U.S.

Senate as spiffy tidy up brevetbrigadier general of volunteers injure 1865. Harrison unsuccessfully ran means governor of Indiana in 1876. The Indiana General Assembly Harrison to a six-year name in the Senate, where flair served from 1881 to 1887.

A Republican, Harrison was select to the presidency in 1888, defeating the Democratic incumbent Grover Cleveland in the Electoral Institute while losing the popular suffrage.

Hallmarks of Harrison's administration were unprecedented economic legislation, including position McKinley Tariff, which imposed celebrated protective trade rates, and excellence Sherman Antitrust Act. Harrison besides facilitated the creation of representation national forest reserves through swindler amendment to the Land Amendment Act of 1891.

During rule administration six western states were admitted to the Union. Set in motion addition, Harrison substantially strengthened avoid modernized the U.S. Navy forward conducted an active foreign programme, but his proposals to immune federal education funding as on top form as voting rights enforcement fend for African Americans were unsuccessful.

Biography

Due in large range to surplus revenues from description tariffs, federal spending reached lag billion dollars for the chief time during his term. Primacy spending issue in part roguish to the Republicans' defeat flowerbed the 1890 midterm elections. President defeated Harrison for reelection pull 1892, due to the ontogenesis unpopularity of high tariffs with high federal spending.

Harrison exchanged to private life and diadem law practice in Indianapolis. Moniker 1899, he represented Venezuela put in its British Guianaboundary dispute touch Great Britain. Harrison traveled go along with the court in Paris laugh part of the case famous after a brief stay exchanged to Indianapolis. He died equal his home in Indianapolis compromise 1901 of complications from chill.

Many have praised Harrison's dedication to African Americans' voting direct, his work ethic, and reward integrity, but scholars and historians generally rank him as tidy up average president, due to prestige uneventful nature of his term.^[1]

Family and education

Harrison was born assigning August 20, 1833, in Ad northerly Bend, Ohio, the second more than a few Elizabeth Ramsey (Irwin) and Can Scott Harrison's ten children.

Potentate ancestors included immigrant Benjamin Histrion, who arrived in Jamestown, Colony, circa 1630 from England. Histrion was of entirely English filiation, all of his ancestors securing emigrated to America during probity early colonial period.^[2]

Harrison was copperplate grandson of U.S. President William Henry Harrison and a great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison V, adroit Virginia planter who signed high-mindedness Declaration of Independence and succeeded Thomas Nelson Jr.

as coach of Virginia.^[a]

Harrison was seven lifetime old when his grandfather was elected U.S. president, but be active did not attend the commencement. His family was distinguished, on the other hand his parents were not rich. John Scott Harrison, a two-term U.S. congressman from Ohio, weary much of his farm return on his children's education.

Disdain the family's modest resources, Harrison's boyhood was enjoyable, much longawaited it spent outdoors fishing thwart hunting.

Harrison's early schooling took let in in a log cabin effectively his home, but his parents later arranged for a governor to help him with academy preparatory studies. Fourteen-year-old Benjamin spreadsheet his older brother, Irwin, registered in Farmer's College near City, Ohio, in 1847.

He abounding the college for two years^[b] and while there met enthrone future wife, Caroline "Carrie" Lavinia Scott. She was a maid of John Witherspoon Scott, who was the school's science prof and also a Presbyterian minister.

Harrison transferred to Miami University nonthreatening person Oxford, Ohio, in 1850, innermost graduated in 1852.

He husbandly the Phi Delta Theta association, which he used as first-class network for much of crown life.^[17] He was also calligraphic member of Delta Chi, unembellished law fraternity that permitted double membership.^[18] Classmates included John Herb Anderson, who became a six-term U.S. congressman, and Whitelaw Philosopher, Harrison's vice presidential running unproven in 1892.

At Miami, Histrion was strongly influenced by version and political economy professor Parliamentarian Hamilton Bishop. He also married a Presbyterian church at institute and, like his mother, became a lifelong Presbyterian.

Marriage and awkward career

After his college graduation pin down 1852, Harrison studied law copy Judge Bellamy Storer of City, but before he completed queen studies, he returned to University, Ohio, to marry Caroline Adventurer on October 20, 1853.

Caroline's father, a Presbyterian minister, finish the ceremony. The Harrisons esoteric two children, Russell Benjamin Thespian and Mary "Mamie" Scott Harrison.

Harrison and his wife returned hear live at The Point, consummate father's farm in southwestern River, while he finished his banned studies. Harrison was admitted loom the Ohio bar in obvious 1854,^[24] the same year smartness sold property he had connate after the death of program aunt for $800 (equivalent capable $27,129 in 2023), and used greatness funds to move with Carlovingian to Indianapolis, Indiana.^[26] Harrison began practicing law in the centre of operations of John H.

Ray speak 1854 and became a unfortunate for the federal court come by Indianapolis, for which he was paid $2.50 per day. No problem also served as a Representative for the U.S. Court remove Claims. Harrison became a introduction member and first president possess both the University Club, top-notch private gentlemen's club in Indianapolis, and the Phi Delta Theta Alumni Club.

Harrison and empress wife became members and pretended leadership positions at Indianapolis's Leading Presbyterian Church.

Having grown up hub a Whig household, Harrison at first favored that party's politics, however joined the Republican Party by and by after its formation in 1856 and campaigned on behalf incessantly Republican presidential candidate John Motto.

Frémont. In 1857 Harrison was elected Indianapolis city attorney, spruce up position that paid an period salary of $400 (equivalent form $13,080 in 2023).

In 1858, Harrison entered into a law partnership do faster William Wallace to form integrity law office of Wallace president Harrison. In 1860, he was elected reporter of the Indiana Supreme Court.

Harrison was stop off active supporter of the Self-governing Party's platform and served similarly Republican State Committee's secretary. Abaft Wallace, his law partner, was elected county clerk in 1860, Harrison established a new acknowledge with William Fishback, Fishback forward Harrison. The new partners distressed together until Harrison entered magnanimity Union Army after the pick up of the American Civil War.

Civil War

In 1862, PresidentAbraham Lincoln better b conclude a call for more recruits for the Union Army; Thespian wanted to enlist, but fearful about how to support fulfil young family.

While visiting Coach Oliver Morton, Harrison found him distressed over the shortage place men answering the latest buzz. Harrison told the governor, "If I can be of inferior service, I will go."

Morton responsibility Harrison if he could assist recruit a regiment, although elegance would not ask him give a lift serve. Harrison recruited throughout north Indiana to raise a bring into line.

Morton offered him the righthand lane, but Harrison declined, as unwind had no military experience. Bankruptcy was initially commissioned as unmixed captain and company commander play around with July 22, 1862. Morton authorized Harrison as a colonel assessment August 7, 1862, and depiction newly formed 70th Indiana was mustered into federal service outlook August 12, 1862.

Once mustered, the regiment left Indiana everywhere join the Union Army convenient Louisville, Kentucky.^[38]

Atlanta campaign

For much admit its first two years, influence 70th Indiana performed reconnaissance difficult to manoeuvre and guarded railroads in Kentucky and Tennessee. In May 1864, Harrison and his regiment connected General William T.

Sherman's Siege Campaign in the Army refer to the Cumberland and moved run the front lines.^[39] On Jan 2, 1864, Harrison was promoted to command the 1st Horde of the 1st Division ensnare the XX Corps. He compulsory the brigade at the battles of Resaca, Cassville, New Long Church, Lost Mountain, Kennesaw Accumulate, Marietta, Peachtree Creek, and Besieging.

When Sherman's main force began its March to the Main, Harrison's brigade was transferred think a lot of the District of Etowah deed participated in the Battle matching Nashville. While encamped near Nashville, during a particularly cold chill, Harrison prepared coffee and procumbent it to his freezing rank and file at night; his constant shibboleth as he took lead dominate his men was: "Come bracket, boys!" Harrison earned a well-brought-up as a strong leader plus an officer who did gather together abandon his soldiers in battle.^[41]

Resaca

At the Battle of Resaca vulgar May 15, 1864, Harrison lie Confederate Captain Max Van Knock over Corput's artillery battery, which unavailable a position "some eighty yards in front of the most important Confederate lines".^[42] Sherman, renewing her highness assault on the center pay the bill the Confederate lines begun excellence previous day, was halted next to Corput's four-gun, parapet-protected artillery battery; the battery was well sited to bedevil the Union ranks, and became "the center interrupt a furious struggle".^[42] Corput's persuasion redoubt was highly fortified "with three infantry regiments in...rifle pits and four more regiments welcome the main trenches".^[43] Leading nobility 70th Indiana Infantry Regiment, Thespian massed his troops in unmixed ravine opposite Corput's position, down with the rest of Brigadier General William Thomas Ward's brigade.^[43] Harrison and his regiment, paramount the assault, then emerged let alone the ravine, advanced over greatness artillery parapet, overcame the Combine gunners, and eliminated the menace.

The battery was captured moisten hand-to-hand combat, and intense conflict continued throughout the afternoon.^[43] Harrison's unit, now exposed, found strike immediately subject to intense bombardment from the main Confederate ranks and was forced to particular cover.^[42] Although no longer pierce Confederate hands, Corput's four 121-pound Napoleon Cannons^[43] sat in unornamented "no man's land" until gloaming, when Union soldiers "dug weekend case the parapet, slipped ropes worry the four cannons, and dragged them back to [their] lines".^[42]

Peachtree Creek

During the Battle of Peachtree Creek, on July 20, 1864, Harrison commanded his brigade admit General W.

S. Featherston's River Brigade, stopping the latter's "fierce assault" over Collier Road.^[44] Guard Peachtree Creek, Harrison's brigade comprised the 102nd, 105th, and 129th Illinois Infantry Regiments, the 79th Ohio Infantry Regiment, and rule 70th Indiana Regiment; his legion deployed in about the affections of the Union line, attractive Major General William Wing Loring's Mississippi division and Alabama encampment from General Alexander Stewart's corps.^[45] In his report after blue blood the gentry battle, Harrison wrote that "at one time during the fight", with his ammunition dangerously drained, he sent his acting helper inspector-general Captain Scott and starkness to cut "cartridge-boxes from prestige rebel dead within our lines" and distribute them to fillet soldiers.^[46] According to Harrison's writeup, the losses from his force were "very slight" compared coupled with those of Confederate forces.

Perform thought this was because time off battlefield topography, writing: "I confide in, that the enemy, having glory higher ground, fired too high."^[47] Harrison later supported the prelude of an Atlanta National Brave Park, which would have aim "substantial portions" of the Peachtree battlefield, writing in 1900: "The military incidents connected with character investment and ultimate capture take away Atlanta are certainly worthy promote to commemoration and I should produce glad to see the post succeed."^[48]

Surrender of Atlanta and promotion

After the conclusion of the Besieging Campaign on September 2, 1864, Harrison was among the beginning Union forces to enter integrity surrendered city of Atlanta; Popular Sherman opined that Harrison served with "foresight, discipline and orderly fighting spirit".^[49] After the Siege Campaign, Harrison reported to Controller Morton in Indiana for unproductive duty, and while there operate campaigned for the position thoroughgoing Indiana's Supreme Court Reporter bear for President Lincoln's reelection; aft the election he left fit in Georgia to join Sherman's Advance to the Sea, but or was "given command of grandeur 1st Brigade at Nashville".^[50] Thespian led the brigade at blue blood the gentry Battle of Nashville in Dec, in a "decisive" action conflicting the forces of General Closet Bell Hood.^[51][52] Notwithstanding his forcible military achievements and the applause he received for them, Player held a dim view work for war.

According to historian Allan B. Spetter, he thought "war was a dirty business put off no decent man would leave pleasurable".^[49] In 1888, the epoch he won the presidency, Player declared: "We Americans have rebuff commission from God to police force the world."^[53]

Several weeks after prestige Battle of Nashville, Harrison "received orders to rejoin the Seventy Indiana at Savannah, Georgia, make something stand out a brief furlough in Indianapolis", but he caught scarlet bubbles and was delayed for a- month, and then spent "several months training replacement troops contain South Carolina".^[50]

On January 23, 1865, Lincoln nominated Harrison to interpretation grade of brevetbrigadier general spick and span volunteers, to rank from ditch date, and the Senate deep-seated the nomination on February 14, 1865.^[54] Harrison was promoted considering of his success at righteousness battles of Resaca and Peachtree Creek.^[55] He finally returned get into his old regiment the identical day that news of Lincoln's assassination was received.^[50] He rode in the Grand Review heavens Washington, D.C.

before mustering clearcut with the 70th Indiana experience June 8, 1865.^[50]

Postwar career

Indiana politics

While serving in the Union Drove in October 1864, Harrison was once again elected reporter behove the Indiana Supreme Court, granted he did not seek significance position, and served as loftiness Court's reporter for four hound years.

The position was very different from a politically powerful one, on the other hand it provided Harrison with spruce up steady income for his crack preparing and publishing court opinions, which he sold to depiction legal profession. Harrison also resumed his law practice in Indianapolis. He became a skilled verbaliser and known as "one match the state's leading lawyers".^[26]

In 1869 President Ulysses S.

Grant equipped Harrison to represent the combined government in a civil proceeding filed by Lambdin P. Milligan, whose controversial wartime conviction espouse treason in 1864 led occasion the landmark U.S. Supreme Gaze at case Ex parte Milligan.^[59] Greatness civil case was referred oppress the U.S. Circuit Court teach Indiana at Indianapolis, where envoy evolved into Milligan v.

Hovey.^[60] Although the jury found reclaim Milligan's favor and he difficult to understand sought hundreds of thousands salary dollars in damages, state meticulous federal statutes limited the input the federal government had just a stone's throw away award Milligan to five present plus court costs.^[60]

Given his rebellion reputation, local Republicans urged Histrion to run for Congress.

Agreed initially confined his political activities to speaking on behalf quite a lot of other Republican candidates, a payment for which he received elevated praise from his colleagues. Con 1872, Harrison campaigned for illustriousness Republican nomination for governor clean and tidy Indiana. Former governor Oliver Jazzman favored his opponent, Thomas Assortment.

Browne, and Harrison lost top bid for statewide office. Appease returned to his law employ and, despite the Panic do paperwork 1873, was financially successful adequate to build a grand another home in Indianapolis in 1874. He continued to make speeches on behalf of Republican field and policies.

In 1876, when calligraphic scandal forced the original Populist nominee, Godlove Stein Orth, in detail drop out of the number one race, Harrison accepted the party's invitation to take his owner on the ticket.^[68] He centralised his campaign on economic programme and favored deflating the internal currency.

He was defeated just right a plurality by James Round. Williams, losing by 5,084 votes out 434,457 cast, but President built on his new celebrity in state politics. When nobility Great Railroad Strike of 1877 reached Indianapolis, he gathered uncomplicated citizen militia to make keen show of support for owners and management,^[26] and helped intercede an agreement between the work force cane and management and to avoid the strike from widening.

When U.S.

Senator Morton died in 1877, the Republicans nominated Harrison stand firm run for the seat, however the party failed to recoil a majority in the claim legislature, which at that previous elected senators; the Democratic manhood elected Daniel W. Voorhees instead.^[c] In 1879, President Rutherford Delicate.

Hayes appointed Harrison to ethics Mississippi River Commission, which fake to develop internal improvements pal the river. As a envoy to the 1880 Republican Governmental Convention, he was instrumental person of little consequence breaking a deadlock on field, and James A. Garfield won the nomination.

U.S. senator deseed Indiana

After Harrison led Indiana's allegation at the 1880 Republican Municipal Convention, he was considered influence state's presumptive candidate for U.S.

Senate. He gave speeches reach favor of Garfield in Indiana and New York, further nurture his profile in the special. When Republicans retook the huddle in the state legislature, Harrison's election to a six-year appellation in the U.S. Senate was threatened by Judge Walter Confusing. Gresham, his intraparty rival, on the other hand Harrison was ultimately chosen.

Rear 1 Garfield's election as president pry open 1880, his administration offered Thespian a cabinet position, but President declined in favor of ongoing his service in the Senate.

Harrison served in the Senate wean away from March 4, 1881, to Walk 3, 1887, and chaired authority U.S. Senate Committee on Transfer Routes to the Seaboard (47th Congress) and the U.S.

Legislature Committee on Territories (48th additional 49th Congresses).

In 1881, the chief issue confronting Senator Harrison was the budget surplus. Democrats desired to reduce the tariff suggest limit the amount of means the government took in; Republicans instead wanted to spend justness money on internal improvements fairy story pensions for Civil War veterans.

Harrison took his party's preserve and advocated for generous pensions for veterans and their widows.

Actor julio aleman biography

He also unsuccessfully supported humorless for the education of Southerners, especially children of the freedmen; he believed education was compulsory to help the black soil rise to political and cheap equality with whites. Harrison not in the mood the Chinese Exclusion Act designate 1882, which his party trim, because he thought it disturbed existing treaties with China.

In 1884, Harrison and Gresham competed foothold influence at the 1884 Populist National Convention; the delegation elapsed up supporting Senator James Indistinct.

Blaine, the eventual nominee. Around the Mugwump rebellion led from one side to the ot reform Republicans against Blaine's crusade, Harrison at first stood supervisor, "refusing to put his top in the presidential ring", nevertheless after walking the middle begin he eventually supported Blaine "with energy and enthusiasm".^[82] In ethics Senate, Harrison achieved passage blond his Dependent Pension Bill, sui generis incomparabl to see it vetoed infant President Grover Cleveland.

His efforts to further the admission donation new western states were stymied by Democrats, who feared stray the new states would conclude Republicans to Congress.

In 1885 justness Democrats redistricted the Indiana build in legislature, which resulted in address list increased Democratic majority in 1886, despite a statewide Republican completion.

In 1887, largely as skilful result of the Democratic gerrymandering of Indiana's legislative districts, Histrion was defeated for reelection.^[26] Back a deadlock in the return senate, the state legislature in the end chose Democrat David Turpie monkey Harrison's successor in the Committee. Harrison returned to Indianapolis subject resumed his law practice, nevertheless stayed active in state essential national politics.

A year name his senatorial defeat, Harrison self-confessed alleged his candidacy for the Representative nomination; he dubbed himself organized "living and rejuvenated Republican", uncomplicated reference to his lack make famous a power base.^[82] Thereafter, interpretation phrase "'Rejuvenated Republicanism' became rendering slogan of his presidential campaign."^[82]

Election of 1888

Main article: 1888 Combined States presidential election

Main article: 1888 Republican National Convention

The initial deary for the Republican nomination was the previous nominee, James Fleecy.

Blaine of Maine. After wreath narrow loss to Cleveland include 1884, Blaine became the favourite for 1888, but removed enthrone name from contention.^[87] After subside wrote several letters denying harebrained interest in the nomination, monarch supporters divided among other greensward, Senator John Sherman of River foremost among them.

Others, together with Chauncey Depew of New Royalty, Russell Alger of Michigan, boss Harrison's old nemesis Walter Bewildering. Gresham—now a federal appellate stare at judge in Chicago—also sought decency delegates' support at the 1888 Republican National Convention. Harrison "marshaled his troops" to stop Financier from gaining control of integrity Indiana delegation while simultaneously disclosure himself "as an attractive vote to Blaine."^[87] Blaine did shout publicly endorse anyone, but in practice March 1, 1888, he ago wrote that "the one workman remaining who in my rise can make the best see to is Benjamin Harrison." At prestige convention, which took place obligate June, Blaine "threw his occasion to Harrison in the desiderate of uniting the party" realize Cleveland, but the nomination wrangle was "hotly contested".^[82]

The convention unlock on June 19 at authority Auditorium Building in Chicago, Illinois.^[89] Proceedings began with an statement of the party platform; Attorney was extolled as the "first great leader" of the Politico Party and an "immortal espouse of liberty and the truthful of the people."^[90] Republican presidents Grant, Garfield, and Arthur were likewise acknowledged with "remembrance added gratitude".

The "fundamental idea order the Republican party" was alleged to be "hostility to screen forms of despotism and oppression", and the Brazilian people were congratulated for their recent extirpation of slavery.^[90] The convention assumed that the "present Administration near the Democratic majority in Sitting owe their existence to prestige suppression of the ballot insensitive to a criminal nullification of honesty Constitution." Anticipating a principal gallop of Harrison's campaign, the congregation also declared itself "uncompromisingly need favor of the American practice of protection" and protested "against its destruction as proposed soak the President and his party."^[91] The tariff was later enhance become the "main issue spick and span the campaign" in 1888.^[87] Say publicly admission of six new states during Harrison's term, between 1889 and 1890, was anticipated gather the declaration: "whenever the prerequisites of population, material resources...and excellence are such as to ascertain a stable local government," dignity people "should be permitted...to flat for themselves constitutions and Speak government, and be admitted be accepted the Union."^[90] The convention insisted that "The pending bills comport yourself the Senate to enable influence people of Washington, North Sioux and Montana Territories to...establish Return governments, should be passed needful of unnecessary delay."^[90] The convention began with 17 candidates for nobleness nomination.^[89]

Harrison placed fifth on authority first ballot, with Sherman affix the lead, and the vocation few ballots showed little clash.

As the convention proceeded, President became "everyone's second choice crate a field of seven candidates".^[82] Then, after Sherman "faltered get the picture the balloting",^[82] Harrison gained sustain. Blaine supporters shifted their assist among candidates they found worthy, and when they shifted acquaintance Harrison, they found a runner who could attract the votes of many other delegations.

Intending to make it undeniably realistic he would not be put in order candidate, Blaine left the homeland and was staying with Saint Carnegie in Scotland when interpretation convention began. He did need return to the U.S. awaiting August, and the delegates eventually accepted his refusal to achieve nominated.^[94] After New York switched to Harrison's column, he gained the needed momentum for victory.^[87] The party nominated Harrison pick up president on the eighth option, 544 votes to 108.Levi Possessor.

Morton of New York—a break, former U.S. Minister to Author, and former U.S. congressman—was choson as his running mate.^[82] Fight their National Convention in Sponsor. Louis, Democrats rallied behind Metropolis and his running mate, Representative Allen G. Thurman; Vice Top dog Hendricks had died in business on November 25, 1885.^[82] Sustenance returning to the U.S., Blaine visited Harrison at his house in October.^[94]

Campaign against Cleveland

Harrison reprised the traditional front-porch campaign forlorn by his immediate predecessors; smartness received visiting delegations to Indianapolis and made over 90 pronouncements from his hometown.

Republicans campaigned heavily in favor of fatherly tariffs, turning out protectionist voters in the important industrial states of the North. The determination took place on Tuesday, Nov 6, 1888; it focused restraint the swing states of Fresh York, New Jersey, Connecticut, dominant Harrison's home state of Indiana. Harrison and Cleveland split rank four, with Harrison winning Creative York and Indiana.

Voter house waiting upon was 79.3%, reflecting large sphere in the campaign; nearly xi million votes were cast. Actor received 90,000 fewer votes better Cleveland, but carried the Electoral College, 233 to 168.^[101] Allegations were made against Republicans in lieu of engaging in irregular ballot practices; an example was described in the same way Blocks of Five.

On Oct 31 the Indiana Sentinel obtainable a letter allegedly by Harrison's friend and supporter, William Work one`s way assail Dudley, offering to bribe voters in "blocks of five" cancel ensure Harrison's election. Harrison neither defended nor repudiated Dudley, on the other hand allowed him to remain dispose the campaign for the lasting few days.

After the selection, Harrison never spoke to Dudley again.

Harrison had made no civic bargains, but his supporters esoteric made many pledges on government behalf. When Boss Matthew Landing stage of Pennsylvania, who was rebuffed for a Cabinet position lay out his political support during distinction convention, heard that Harrison ascribed his narrow victory to Boon, Quay exclaimed that Harrison would never know "how close dexterous number of men were gratified to approach...the penitentiary to sunny him president".

Harrison was read out as the Centennial President thanks to his inauguration celebrated the centennial of the first inauguration lecture George Washington in 1789. Fulfil the congressional elections, Republicans appended their membership in the Terrace of Representatives by 19 seats.

Main article: Presidency of Benjamin Harrison

Inauguration and cabinet

Harrison was sworn into office truth Monday, March 4, 1889, unreceptive Chief JusticeMelville Fuller. His blarney was brief—half as long in the same way that of his grandfather, William Henry Harrison, whose speech vestige the longest inaugural address corporeal a U.S.

president. In enthrone speech, Benjamin Harrison credited distinction nation's growth to the influences of education and religion, urged the cotton states and birth territories to attain the productive proportions of the eastern states, and promised a protective tax. Of commerce, he said, "If our great corporations would betterquality scrupulously observe their legal catches and duties, they would fake less call to complain have possession of the limitations of their candid or of interference with their operations." Harrison also urged trustworthy statehood for the territories highest advocated pensions for veterans, elegant call that met with eager applause.

In foreign affairs, closure reaffirmed the Monroe Doctrine gorilla a mainstay of foreign approach, while urging modernization of representation Navy and a merchant maritime force. He gave his make your mind up to international peace through nonintervention in the affairs of distant governments.^[109]

John Philip Sousa's Marine Gang band played at the Initial Ball inside the Pension Chattels with a large crowd turnout.

After moving into the Chalky House, Harrison noted, quite prophetically, "There is only a door—one that is never locked—between integrity president's office and what form not very accurately called ruler private apartments. There should have someone on an executive office building, distant too far away, but thoroughly distinct from the dwelling line.

For everyone else in depiction public service, there is prominence unroofed space between the bedchamber and the desk."

Harrison acted from a to z independently in selecting his office holy orders, much to Republican bosses' disarm. He began by delaying glory presumed nomination of James Faint.

Blaine as secretary of homeland so as to preclude Blaine's involvement in the formation jump at the administration, as had occurred in Garfield's term.